Upper ocean high resolution regional modeling of the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal     

Suneet Dwivedi  Alok Kumar Mishr  Atul Srivastava 《海洋学报(英文版)》2019,38(5):32-50

In this paper, effort is made to demonstrate the quality of high-resolution regional ocean circulation model in realistically simulating the circulation and variability properties of the northern Indian Ocean(10°S–25°N,45°–100°E) covering the Arabian Sea(AS) and Bay of Bengal(BoB). The model run using the open boundary conditions is carried out at 10 km horizontal resolution and highest vertical resolution of 2 m in the upper ocean.The surface and sub-surface structure of hydrographic variables(temperature and salinity) and currents is compared against the observations during 1998–2014(17 years). In particular, the seasonal variability of the sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, and surface currents over the model domain is studied. The highresolution model's ability in correct estimation of the spatio-temporal mixed layer depth(MLD) variability of the AS and BoB is also shown. The lowest MLD values are observed during spring(March-April-May) and highest during winter(December-January-February) seasons. The maximum MLD in the AS(BoB) during December to February reaches 150 m (67 m). On the other hand, the minimum MLD in these regions during March-April-May becomes as low as 11–12 m. The influence of wind stress, net heat flux and freshwater flux on the seasonal variability of the MLD is discussed. The physical processes controlling the seasonal cycle of sea surface temperature are investigated by carrying out mixed layer heat budget analysis. It is found that air-sea fluxes play a dominant role in the seasonal evolution of sea surface temperature of the northern Indian Ocean and the contribution of horizontal advection, vertical entrainment and diffusion processes is small. The upper ocean zonal and meridional volume transport across different sections in the AS and BoB is also computed. The seasonal variability of the transports is studied in the context of monsoonal currents.  相似文献   

南海东北部内潮的模态结构和传播     

刘倩  谢晓辉  尚晓东  陈桂英  汪宏 《海洋学报(英文版)》2019,38(9):12-23

The evolution of energy, energy flux and modal structure of the internal tides(ITs) in the northeastern South China Sea is examined using the measurements at two moorings along a cross-slope section from the deep continental slope to the shallow continental shelf. The energy of both diurnal and semidiurnal ITs clearly shows a～14-day spring-neap cycle, but their phases lag that of barotropic tides, indicating that ITs are not generated on the continental slope. Observations of internal tidal energy flux suggest that they may be generated at the Luzon Strait and propagate west-northwest to the continental slope in the northwestern SCS. Because the continental slope is critical-supercritical with respect to diurnal ITs, about 4.6 kJ/m~2 of the incident energy and 8.7 kW/m of energy flux of diurnal ITs are reduced from the continental slope to the continental shelf. In contrast, the semidiurnal internal tides enter the shelf because of the sub-critical topography with respect to semidiurnal ITs.From the continental slope to the shelf, the vertical structure of diurnal ITs shows significant variation, with dominant Mode 1 on the deep slope and dominant higher modes on the shelf. On the contrary, the vertical structure of the semidiurnal ITs is stable, with dominant Mode 1.  相似文献   

基于EEMD和ARIMA的海温预测模型研究          下载免费PDF全文

张莹  谭艳春  彭发定  廖杏杰  余昱昕 《海洋学研究》2019,37(1):9-14

类型丰富、时空分辨率高的海洋探测数据,为信号分解和机器学习算法的应用提供了可能。本文针对如何建立有效的海温预测模型这一问题,使用高时空分辨率的海表温度(SST)融合产品,引入信号处理领域的集合经验模态分解(EEMD)和机器学习领域的自回归积分滑动平均模型(ARIMA)。首先利用最适于分解自然信号的EEMD方法,将海温数据分解成多个确定频率的序列;再利用ARIMA分别对各个频率的序列进行预测,最后将各个序列的预测结果进行组合。该方法在丰富数据的支撑下,比以往直接使用海温数据所建立的预测模型精度更高,为更好地进行海温预测提供了新方法。  相似文献   

基于国家海洋治理和全球气候变化的我国海洋灾害防治          下载免费PDF全文

齐庆华 《海洋开发与管理》2019,36(2):17-23

为建立和完善现代化的海洋灾害防治体系,提高我国海洋治理和应对全球气候变化的能力,文章以全球治理和国家治理为背景,在明确致灾因子、承灾体、灾害以及灾害风险和管理等基本概念及其内涵的基础上,分析全球气候变化背景下我国海洋灾害及其风险的特征以及海洋灾害防治的关键性和基础性科学问题,并提出我国构建海洋灾害防治体系的建议。研究结果表明:在全球气候变化的影响下,我国沿海地区的海洋灾害风险复杂多变且有所提升;提出以群-环-域为主体的体系架构,研究全球气候变化与区域海洋的响应和反馈、全球气候变化背景下海洋灾害与风险的特征和规律以及综合海洋灾害风险评估和海洋灾害防治等问题;在我国构建海洋灾害防治体系的过程中,应加强科学研究以及技术和信息支撑、促进区域和全球联动联防以及提高全社会对海洋灾害的认知和防范水平。  相似文献   

考虑冲刷影响的筒型基础竖向极限承载力研究     

陆罗观  刘润  练继建  陈广思 《海洋工程》2019,37(3):69-77

大直径宽浅式筒型基础,阻水宽度大,在位工作期间受波浪海流作用,其周围土体易被冲刷。为研究单侧地基土体受冲刷后筒型基础的竖向极限承载力变化,通过引进冲刷率的概念,采用有限元方法研究了不同冲刷率下筒型基础的竖向极限承载力;并基于Meyerhof理论建立了计算不同冲刷率下筒型基础竖向极限承载力的极限平衡方法。研究结果表明,随着冲刷率增大,筒型基础的极限承载力出现不同程度的下降,当冲刷率为0.8时,即筒型基础单侧土体冲刷深度达6.4 m时,筒型基础的竖向极限承载力折减率为3.28%。建立的极限平衡算法可准确计算冲刷条件下筒型基础的竖向极限承载力。  相似文献   

Bathymetry,substrate and fishing areas of Southeast Atlantic high-seas seamounts   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

OA Bergstad  ÅS Høines  R Sarralde  G Campanis  M Gil  F Ramil 《African Journal of Marine Science》2019,41(1):11-28

Most of the Southeast Atlantic Ocean is abyssal, and global bathymetries suggest that only ～3.2% of the areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ; also known as the high seas, as defined in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea [UNCLOS]) are shallower than 2 500 m. This study mapped bathymetry and characterised substrates in selected seamount summit areas, including several that have been or may become fishing areas. The southernmost location, the Schmitt-Ott Seamount, has exposed volcanic bedrock with surrounding flats covered by thin biogenic sediments and/or coral rubble that appears ancient. At Wüst, Vema, Valdivia and Ewing seamounts the basaltic base appears to be overlain by coral caps and other coral substrates (sheets, rubble). Adjacent summit plains have biogenic sediments of varying thickness. Vema has a flat, roughly circular summit, <100 m deep, with the shallowest point being a 22-m-deep summit knoll; the upper slopes have ancient coral framework, but the summit has a mixture of coralline and volcanic rock and coarse sediments, including extensive areas with coralline algae and kelp forests. Valdivia Bank is a 230-m-deep, flat, rocky area (～11 × 5 km), protruding steeply from the extensive multi-summit Valdivia subarea of the Walvis Ridge. The distribution of past fisheries in the Convention Area of the South East Atlantic Fisheries Organisation (SEAFO) was considered in relation to the new information on bathymetry and substrate.  相似文献   

中国近海藻毒素及有毒微藻产毒原因种调查研究进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

梁玉波  李冬梅  姚敬元  金薇  宫长宝  刘仁沿 《海洋与湖沼》2019,50(3):511-524

麻痹性贝类毒素在我国近海污染问题已十分突出,基本呈现逐年加剧的趋势。20世纪90年代,南海麻痹性贝类毒素污染较重; 21世纪初,北黄海麻痹性贝类毒素污染较重;近几年,渤海和福建近海麻痹性贝类毒素污染较重;可产生麻痹性贝类毒素的微藻有亚历山大藻和裸甲藻等。采用小鼠生物法检测我国近海腹泻性贝类毒素超标率32%左右,采用液相色谱/质谱法检测,仅有3起超标的研究报道;现行小鼠生物法检测腹泻性贝类毒素假阳性问题十分突出,应尽快废除;腹泻性贝类毒素均是脂溶性的,脂溶性海洋生物毒素在我国近海常年可检出,偶有虾夷扇贝毒素和鳍藻毒素超标现象。可产生脂溶性毒素微藻有鳍藻和原甲藻及网状原角藻等。失忆性贝类毒素在我国近海常有检出,但无超标现象;产毒微藻有拟菱形藻等。西加鱼毒素在我国南海污染较重,但毒素标准物质的匮乏,限制了西加鱼毒素的调查研究;至今尚未确定产生西加鱼毒素的微藻。酶联免疫吸附法和液相色谱串联质谱法相结合已成为藻毒素快速准确检测成熟的技术,逐渐代替小鼠生物法和液相色谱法。  相似文献   

刘公岛海洋牧场底层海水溶解氧浓度的变化特征     

李兆钦  李欣  孙利元  刘子洲  顾艳镇  翟方国  李培良 《海洋与湖沼》2019,50(1):86-99

由于缺乏长期观测资料,前人对山东半岛邻近海域海水溶解氧的时间变化和空间分布特征的研究较少。本文基于威海刘公岛海洋牧场于2016年7月20日至2017年3月14日期间,利用生态环境实时在线观测系统获得的底层海水的温度、盐度、水深、溶解氧数据,分析了该牧场海水溶解氧浓度的时间变化特征及其影响因素,并探讨了低氧灾害发生的可能性。结果表明在观测期间,该牧场海水溶解氧浓度以季节变化为主,冬季最大、夏季最小,其中2月份平均值最高,约为10.86mg/L,8月份平均值最低,约为5.91mg/L。同时海水溶解氧浓度也存在显著的小时变化和日变化,且变化幅度于8月份最大、3月份最小。影响海水溶解氧浓度变化的主要因素是海水温度,溶解氧浓度随着温度的季节性变化而变化。夏季,水体分层会使溶解氧浓度发生大幅度的降低,大风过程对于溶解氧浓度也有一定的影响,通过打破夏季的季节性温跃层使水体发生垂向混合从而为海底提供氧气,但大风过程之后的几天会出现溶解氧浓度降低的现象。本次研究发现刘公岛海洋牧场在观测期间不存在低氧现象。  相似文献   

云南曲靖刘家冲剖面关底组中的鱼类微体化石及其地层学意义     

王建华  赵文金  朱敏  李强  蔡家琛  张娜  彭礼健  罗彦超 《地学前缘》2020,27(6):329-340

云南曲靖地区的关底组产出世界闻名的潇湘脊椎动物群(Xiaoxiang Vertebate Fauna),但其地层的划分对比和时代归属一直存有争议,特别是其下部地层的划分及时代归属争议最大。通过在曲靖城南以关底组下段地层为主的刘家冲剖面上开展详细的野外及室内地层古生物学研究工作,文章厘清了该剖面上的志留纪地层,并依据采自数个层位样品中丰富的鱼类微体化石材料探讨了关底组下部的地质时代。研究结果表明:刘家冲剖面上出露的志留纪地层根据岩性变化特征可划分为关底组Ⅰ段(岳家山段)、Ⅱ段(崇家湾段)和Ⅲ段(彩莲段);Ⅰ段的下部以浅黄色、浅黄绿色含砾粉砂质泥岩、钙质粉砂岩为主,未见化石,而上部以深灰色、灰黑色页岩为主,含少量腕足类Lingula sp.及双壳类;Ⅱ段则以灰绿色、暗紫红色页岩互层、并夹薄层状灰岩为主,从下往上灰岩夹层逐渐增多,含丰富的腕足类、海百合茎等无脊椎动物化石及鱼类微体化石;在关底组Ⅲ段地层中首次发现的鱼类微体化石多样性高,门类比较齐全,包括无颌类、盾皮鱼类、棘鱼类和硬骨鱼类四大早期脊椎动物类群,从鱼群组成面貌上看隶属于潇湘脊椎动物群扬子鱼类组合(Yangtze Fish Assemblage)。笔者主要依据对其中棘鱼类的全球对比分析研究,并在结合牙形类等无脊椎动物化石研究进展及新认识的基础上,深入探讨了关底组下部Ⅰ段及Ⅱ段的地质时代。关底组Ⅱ段的时代应为志留纪罗德洛世高斯特晚期(late Gorstian, Ludlow),关底组Ⅰ段含砾岩层之上、含盾皮鱼类“王氏鱼”(Wangolepis)的地层,则应归入罗德洛世高斯特早期(early Gorstian, Ludlow),而在该剖面上尚未发现鱼类化石的关底组Ⅰ段下部,目前还不能确定全部归入高斯特阶(Gorstian),有可能会下延到温洛克统(Wenlock)之中。文章中相关工作的开展,不仅为中国志留纪生物地层的精深研究提供了古鱼类学方面的可靠证据,而且为探讨早期脊椎动物演化提供了新的地质年代意见。  相似文献   

山西省大同市新荣区石墨矿岩石矿物地球化学特征与成因     

梁钰琦  赵永  吴光存  张越  夏庆霖 《地球学报》2020,41(6):827-834

山西省大同市新荣区石墨矿带总体呈北东—南西向展布, 长约22 km, 赋矿层位为中下太古界右所堡组, 岩性为含石墨黑云斜长片麻岩。目前该矿带上已有7个勘查区, 累计查明晶质石墨矿物资源量约 5000万吨, 但对其矿床成因类型研究相对较少。本文收集整理和分析总结了区域内地质资料及化验分析结果, 采用变质岩原岩恢复的四种方法确定该矿带的成因: 从石墨矿带的矿体产状和岩石组合、岩相学和矿物学特征定性判断该矿带矿床为沉积岩区域深变质成矿类型; 矿体样品地球化学微量元素比值(Sr:Ba等)符合副变质岩特征; 稀土元素配分曲线及其研究表明矿体及围岩具有沉积岩变质特征; 以TiO2-F图解、[(al+fm)–(c+alk)]/Si图解以及(al-alk):c图解展示的岩石化学特征半定量地确认新荣区石墨矿带矿床为以黏土岩为主的区域变质成矿。新荣区石墨矿带成因类型的确定填补了该区域矿床成因类型研究的空白, 为下一步地质找矿及建模提供了重要依据; 三种图解相结合, 逐步缩小原岩范围, 锁定原岩类型, 为变质岩原岩恢复及矿床成因研究提供了新的思路和判别方法。  相似文献